Corona Effect: what it is, how to avoid and take advantage of it, and consequences

The Corona effect occurs when intense electric fields come into contact with air particles, moisture, or dust, causing ionization and light emission. It can be industrially harnessed for air cleaning and ozone production, but it also causes problems, resulting in losses of hundreds of kilowatts per kilometer in transmission lines and progressive damage to the insulation of electrical equipment. Also known as St. Elmo’s Fire, in reference to the phenomenon observed on ship masts before storms.